Der neue GASB 87 Leasingbuchhaltungsstandard ist eine bedeutende Neuerung in der Rechnungslegung für staatliche Behörden und Regierungsorganisationen. Das Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) hat diesen Standard entwickelt, um die Erfassung und Darstellung von Leasingverhältnissen in den Finanzausweisen staatlicher Stellen zu verbessern. GASB 87 trat am 15. Dezember 2019 in Kraft und hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Accounting und Finanzberichterstattung staatlicher Einrichtungen. Der neue Standard ersetzt GASB 13 und führt wesentliche Änderungen in der Leasingbuchhaltung ein. Diese betreffen die Klassifizierung von Leasingverhältnissen, die Bilanzierung von Vermögenswerten und Verbindlichkeiten aus Leasingverhältnissen sowie die Offenlegungspflichten in den Finanzausweisen. Die Implementation von GASB 87 erfordert von staatlichen Stellen eine umfassende Überprüfung ihrer bestehenden Leasingverträge und eine Anpassung ihrer Buchhaltungs- und Berichterstattungsprozesse. Zu den Hauptaspekten von GASB 87 gehören:
1. standardised accounting model for lessees
2. new definitions and Criteria für Leasingverhältnisse
3. extended disclosure obligations
4. different treatment of short-term and long-term leases
5 Special regulations for intragovernmental leases
Compliance with GASB 87 is mandatory for public authorities and government organisations. Timely and accurate implementation of the standard is critical to ensuring transparent and comparable financial reporting in the public sector.
Impact on state authorities and government organisations
Effects on the financial statements
One of the most important effects is the recognition of assets and liabilities from leases in the financial statements. This means that government bodies are now obliged to recognise leases as financial liabilities and to report corresponding assets in their balance sheets.
Disclosure of information
The GASB 87 standard also impacts the disclosure of lease information in financial statements. Government agencies and government organisations must now provide detailed information about their leases, including the term, payment obligations and other material contractual terms.
Increased complexity and requirements
This requires comprehensive documentation and Transparency in Bezug auf Leasingverhältnisse, um den Anforderungen von GASB 87 gerecht zu werden. Insgesamt führt der GASB 87 Standard zu einer erhöhten Komplexität in der Accounting und Berichterstattung von staatlichen Stellen und erfordert eine sorgfältige Planung und Umsetzung, um die Compliance sicherzustellen.
Definition of leases according to GASB 87
Gemäß dem GASB 87 Standard wird ein Leasingverhältnis als eine Vereinbarung definiert, durch die ein Vermögenswert für einen bestimmten Zeitraum gegen Zahlung überlassen wird. Diese Definition umfasst sowohl Finanzierungsleasingverhältnisse als auch Betriebsleasingverhältnisse. Ein Finanzierungsleasingverhältnis liegt vor, wenn das Leasingverhältnis bestimmte Criteria erfüllt, die darauf hindeuten, dass der Leasingnehmer im Wesentlichen die Kontrolle über den Vermögenswert erwirbt.
An operating lease exists if the lease is not classified as a finance lease. The distinction between finance leases and operating leases is critical to GASB 87 accounting because it affects the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities. Finance leases result in the recognition of an asset and a liability at the present value of the future lease payments, whereas operating leases result in the recognition of an expense on an accrual basis.
The precise distinction between finance leases and operating leases requires careful examination of the contractual terms and application of the criteria in GASB 87.
Requirements for the disclosure of leases
According to the GASB 87 standard, state authorities and government organisations are required to provide comprehensive information on their leases in the financial statements. This includes disclosures about the lease term, payment obligations, contractual terms and other material information about the leases. These disclosure requirements serve to provide users of the financial statements with a transparent presentation of the financial obligations arising from leases.
The disclosure requirements of GASB 87 require governmental entities to carefully document and prepare information about their leases. This may require additional efforts in terms of data collection, preparation and documentation to meet the requirements of GASB 87. In addition, government agencies must ensure that lease disclosures are made in accordance with the requirements of GASB 87 and provide users of financial statements with a clear and understandable presentation of lease financial obligations.
Implementation and compliance with GASB 87
Implementation and compliance with the GASB 87 standard requires state agencies and government organisations to thoroughly analyse their existing leases and adjust their accounting and reporting processes. This includes identifying finance leases and operating leases, recognising lease assets and liabilities, and implementing the disclosure requirements of GASB 87. Implementation of GASB 87 requires close collaboration between the various departments of a governmental entity, including accounting, controlling and financial reporting.
It is important that governments develop clear policies and processes for the implementation of GASB 87 and ensure that all relevant staff are aware of the requirements of the standard. In addition, it is important that governmental entities adapt their systems and processes to enable the collection, preparation and disclosure of lease information in accordance with the requirements of GASB 87.
Comparison with other leasing standards such as IFRS 16 and ASC 842
Specific focus on state authorities
The GASB 87 standard differs from other leasing standards in a number of key respects, such as IFRS 16 und ASC 842. Während IFRS 16 und ASC 842 sich hauptsächlich auf die Buchhaltung von Leasingverhältnissen in der Privatwirtschaft konzentrieren, ist GASB 87 speziell auf staatliche Behörden und Regierungsorganisationen ausgerichtet. Dies führt zu Unterschieden in den Klassifizierungskriterien für Finanzierungsleasingverhältnisse und Betriebsleasingverhältnisse sowie in den Offenlegungsanforderungen.
No exceptions for low-value assets or short-term leases
Another difference is that GASB 87 does not provide any exemptions for low-value assets or short-term leases, while IFRS 16 and ASC 842 contain certain exemptions for these types of leases. In addition, there are differences in the measurement methods for lease assets and lease liabilities and in the disclosure requirements for financial statements.
Understanding and adapting accounting and reporting processes
Despite these differences, it is important that state authorities and government organisations understand the requirements of GASB 87 in the context of other leasing standards and ensure that they comply with the respective regulations. This requires carefully analysing the differences between the standards and adjusting accounting and reporting processes accordingly.
Challenges and opportunities in connection with GASB 87
The introduction of the GASB 87 standard presents both challenges and opportunities for government agencies and organisations. One of the biggest challenges is understanding the complexity of the standard and taking appropriate implementation and compliance measures. This requires a thorough analysis of existing leases and an adjustment of accounting and reporting processes.
Darüber hinaus kann die Umsetzung von GASB 87 auch Chancen bieten, die Efficiency and Transparency in Bezug auf die Buchhaltung von Leasingverhältnissen zu verbessern. Durch eine sorgfältige Dokumentation und Aufbereitung von Informationen zu Leasingverhältnissen können staatliche Stellen ihre finanzielle Lage besser verstehen und fundierte Entscheidungen treffen. Darüber hinaus kann die verbesserte Offenlegung von Informationen zu Leasingverhältnissen das Vertrauen der Stakeholder stärken und eine transparente Darstellung der finanziellen Verpflichtungen bieten.
Overall, the implementation of GASB 87 requires careful planning, implementation and compliance to overcome the challenges and capitalise on the opportunities. It is important that government agencies and government organisations understand the requirements of the standard and take appropriate action to ensure compliance. Through close collaboration between the various departments of a government agency and careful analysis of existing leases, government agencies can overcome the challenges and capitalise on the opportunities associated with the implementation of GASB 87.
FAQs
What is the new DASB 87 lease accounting standard?
The new GASB 87 Lease Accounting Standard is an accounting standard developed by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) that governs lease accounting and disclosure for state and local government entities.
What are the main requirements of the GASB 87 lease accounting standard?
The GASB 87 lease accounting standard requires state and local government entities to recognise and disclose leases in their financial reports. This includes the recognition of lease liabilities and the recognition of lease assets.
When does the GASB 87 lease accounting standard come into force?
The GASB 87 lease accounting standard is effective for state and local government entities for reporting periods beginning on or after 15 December 2019.
What impact does the GASB 87 lease accounting standard have on state and municipal organisations?
The GASB 87 lease accounting standard is expected to lead to more comprehensive disclosure of leases and greater transparency in the financial reports of state and municipal organisations. It will also change the recognition and measurement of leases.
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